![]() Since IAA is a problem of the midline of the chest and neck (conotruncal defect), other structures may be affected such as the palate of the mouth, parathyroid glands, and thymus gland. Also, it becomes difficult to feel pulses on the baby. They have feeding problems, fussiness, sweating, paleness, and difficulty breathing. If this occurs, newborn babies can become sick. In some cases, the narrowing of the ductus causes the main aorta to also narrow where some of this ductal tissue has extended to the aorta, creating a coarctation. It should shrink and eventually close within the first few days of life. The ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that's present in all newborns. Typically, the narrowed segment occurs where the ductus arteriosus connects to the aorta. Sometimes, IAA is associated with genetic abnormalities such as DiGeorge syndrome (deletion in the 22nd chromosome). IAA, particularly Type B, may be associated with other cardiac abnormalities such as a small bicuspid aortic valve (when two of the three leaflets of the aortic valve are fused together, resulting in two functional leaflets instead of three), narrowing of the outflow tract below the aortic valve (subaortic stenosis), and ventricular septal defect (VSD). ![]() Type C occurs between the two head (carotid) arteries.Type B occurs between the left head (carotid) artery and left (arm) subclavian artery.Type A occurs after the takeoff of the left arm (subclavian) artery.IAA may be classified by where this disconnection exists: As a result, the aortic arch doesn’t look like its usual candy cane appearance. An interrupted aortic arch (IAA) is a severe form of aortic narrowing where one part of the aorta, the main blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body, is disconnected from the rest of the aorta.
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